⚠️ Content Warning

This lesson discusses mental health crises including depression, anxiety, eating disorders, substance abuse, self-harm, and suicide prevention. While we approach these topics with care to provide life-saving knowledge, the content may be challenging for those with personal experience of mental health crises. Please engage at your own pace, utilize support resources, and reach out if you need assistance. Your wellbeing matters.

🆘 Need Immediate Support?

If you or someone you know is experiencing a mental health crisis, reach out immediately:

Athletic Support: Contact your athletic department, team physician, athletic trainer, or campus counseling immediately. You can also reach out to coaches, trusted teammates, or athletic administrators.

🚑 Mental Health First Aid for Athletes

Develop life-saving skills to recognize warning signs of mental health crises, provide initial support, and connect struggling teammates with appropriate professional resources

⏱️ 65 min
🎯 Critical Skills
🧠 Crisis Intervention

🎉 Midpoint Achievement!

You've completed 60% of this course—12 of 20 lessons! You've built foundational knowledge about team sports psychology, resilience, social support, leadership, communication, and navigating team challenges. The remaining lessons will deepen your expertise in mental health support, technology impacts, nutrition, sleep, life transitions, and future planning. You're doing exceptional work! Keep going!

Welcome to Mental Health First Aid Training

Mental health first aid skills enable you to recognize early warning signs of psychological distress, provide initial support during mental health crises, and connect struggling teammates with appropriate professional resources. Research shows that peer-delivered first aid can significantly improve outcomes and reduce stigma compared to exclusively professional intervention models, with athletes often first disclosing mental health concerns to teammates rather than coaches or professional staff. This makes peer first aid skills crucial for early intervention and appropriate resource connection in athletic contexts.

The evidence is clear: Athletic environments create unique mental health risks including performance pressure, injury concerns, identity challenges, and intense interpersonal relationships, while also providing opportunities for early detection through daily close contact and shared experiences. Studies demonstrate that trained peer responders can recognize mental health crises 3-4 weeks earlier than untrained individuals, significantly improving treatment outcomes and reducing crisis severity. The ALGEE framework (Assess, Listen, Give reassurance, Encourage professional help, Encourage self-help) provides structured approach to mental health first aid that balances supportive presence with appropriate boundary-setting.

In this lesson, you'll: Learn to recognize warning signs for depression, anxiety, eating disorders, substance abuse, and suicide risk as they may appear in athletic contexts, master the ALGEE protocol for providing psychological first aid without attempting amateur diagnosis or treatment, practice responding to realistic mental health crisis scenarios with appropriate supportive language and actions, understand when situations require immediate professional intervention and how to access emergency services, and develop knowledge of available resources including campus counseling, community mental health providers, and crisis intervention hotlines specific to athletic populations.

Learning Objectives

  • Recognize warning signs of common mental health conditions (depression, anxiety, eating disorders, substance abuse, suicide risk) in athletic contexts
  • Apply the ALGEE mental health first aid protocol to provide initial support while maintaining appropriate boundaries and avoiding amateur treatment
  • Connect struggling teammates with appropriate professional resources and emergency services when situations require immediate intervention

Research Foundation

This lesson is based on Mental Health First Aid protocols adapted for athletic populations, suicide prevention research demonstrating the effectiveness of gatekeeper training, studies showing peer support improves help-seeking behavior and reduces stigma, and clinical guidelines for recognizing and responding to mental health crises. The warning sign information reflects DSM-5 criteria and sports medicine research on athlete mental health presentations.

🎯 Mental Health First Aid Mastery

💚

Warning Sign Recognition

Recognize warning signs of common mental health conditions in athletic contexts including depression, anxiety, eating disorders, and suicide risk

💙

ALGEE Protocol Application

Apply the ALGEE first aid protocol to provide initial support while maintaining appropriate boundaries

🏃

Resource Connection

Connect struggling teammates with professional resources and emergency services when needed

🔬 Understanding Mental Health First Aid

🧠 Why Peer Mental Health First Aid Matters

Mental health first aid fills the critical gap between when someone first experiences distress and when they receive professional treatment, with research showing that early intervention during this window significantly improves long-term outcomes and reduces crisis severity. Athletes often disclose mental health concerns to teammates before approaching coaches or professionals due to trust, daily contact, and fear of negative consequences from authority figures, making peer first aid skills essential for comprehensive team mental health support.

💚 The ALGEE Framework

Assess for risk of suicide or harm | Listen nonjudgmentally | Give reassurance and information | Encourage appropriate professional help | Encourage self-help and other support strategies. This framework provides structured approach to mental health first aid that balances supportive presence with appropriate boundary-setting and professional resource connection.

🌿 First Aid vs. Treatment

Mental health first aid provides initial support and resource connection—NOT diagnosis or treatment. Your role is to offer caring presence, help ensure safety, provide information about available resources, and encourage professional help-seeking. Attempting to diagnose conditions or provide therapy without training can worsen situations and delay appropriate professional care.

💙 Early Detection Benefits

Research shows that trained peer responders recognize mental health crises 3-4 weeks earlier than untrained individuals, significantly improving treatment outcomes. Early intervention during initial symptom development prevents escalation to crisis levels, reduces treatment duration, and improves long-term recovery prospects. Your awareness and willingness to act can literally save lives.

🏃 Athlete-Specific Considerations

Athletic contexts create unique mental health challenges including identity threats during injury, perfectionism driving eating disorders, substance use for performance or recovery, and suicide risk during career transitions. Mental health symptoms may manifest differently in athletes—declining performance, social withdrawal from team, or excessive training can signal psychological distress requiring attention and support.

📊 Mental Health First Aid Research

3-4 wks

Earlier crisis recognition by trained peer responders vs. untrained individuals—significantly improving outcomes

35%

Of elite athletes experience anxiety or depression symptoms—making peer support crucial

67%

Of athletes first disclose mental health concerns to teammates rather than coaches or professionals

2.5x

Higher help-seeking rates when peers normalize mental health discussions and encourage support

🚨 Warning Signs Recognition Training

📋 Recognizing Mental Health Concerns

Learn specific warning signs for common mental health conditions as they may appear in athletic contexts:

💚 Depression Warning Signs

Persistent sadness and loss of interest
Athletic Context Depression Indicators:
  • Mood Changes: Persistent sadness, emptiness, hopelessness, or irritability lasting 2+ weeks
  • Loss of Interest: No longer enjoying sport, teammates, or previously loved activities
  • Performance Decline: Decreased athletic performance despite maintained physical ability
  • Fatigue & Energy: Extreme tiredness, lack of energy, difficulty completing training
  • Sleep Changes: Insomnia or excessive sleeping beyond normal athletic recovery needs
  • Social Withdrawal: Isolating from teammates, avoiding team activities, reduced communication
  • Concentration Issues: Difficulty focusing during practice, forgetting plays or instructions
  • Physical Complaints: Unexplained aches, pains, digestive issues without clear physical cause
  • Negative Self-Talk: Expressions of worthlessness, guilt, or self-blame beyond normal disappointment

🌿 Anxiety Warning Signs

Excessive worry and physical tension
Athletic Context Anxiety Indicators:
  • Excessive Worry: Persistent, uncontrollable anxiety about performance, injury, or team standing
  • Physical Symptoms: Racing heart, sweating, trembling, nausea beyond normal pre-competition nerves
  • Avoidance Behaviors: Avoiding competitive situations, practice, or anything triggering anxiety
  • Perfectionism: Unrealistic standards, catastrophizing mistakes, inability to accept imperfect performance
  • Sleep Disruption: Difficulty falling asleep due to racing thoughts about athletics
  • Panic Attacks: Sudden intense fear with physical symptoms (chest pain, difficulty breathing, dizziness)
  • Reassurance Seeking: Constantly asking coaches/teammates for validation or confirmation
  • Performance Impact: "Choking" during competition, inability to perform despite practice success

💙 Eating Disorder Warning Signs

Disordered eating patterns and body image concerns
Athletic Context Eating Disorder Indicators:
  • Food Restriction: Skipping meals, extreme calorie counting, eliminating food groups beyond sports nutrition
  • Binge Eating: Consuming large amounts of food in short periods, often secretively
  • Purging Behaviors: Self-induced vomiting, laxative abuse, excessive exercise beyond training
  • Body Image Distortion: Seeing self as overweight despite normal or low weight
  • Weight Fluctuation: Rapid weight loss or gain, hiding body changes with clothing
  • Food Rituals: Cutting food into tiny pieces, eating alone, hiding or hoarding food
  • Social Avoidance: Avoiding team meals, making excuses to not eat with others
  • Performance Decline: Fatigue, weakness, dizziness, decreased athletic performance
  • Physical Signs: Gaunt appearance, hair loss, fainting, menstrual irregularities

🏃 Substance Abuse Warning Signs

Problematic alcohol or drug use
Athletic Context Substance Abuse Indicators:
  • Increased Use: Escalating alcohol or drug consumption, using alone or before practice
  • Performance Impact: Declining athletic performance, coordination issues, missed practices
  • Behavioral Changes: Increased secrecy, lying about whereabouts, defensive about substance use
  • Social Changes: New friend groups focused on substance use, abandoning non-using friends
  • Neglecting Responsibilities: Missing classes, practices, or games due to substance use
  • Tolerance & Withdrawal: Needing more to achieve same effect, experiencing withdrawal symptoms
  • Failed Control Attempts: Unsuccessful efforts to cut down or stop using
  • Physical Signs: Bloodshot eyes, changes in appearance, smell of alcohol or drugs

🚨 SUICIDE RISK WARNING SIGNS

IMMEDIATE PROFESSIONAL HELP REQUIRED
CRITICAL WARNING SIGNS—ACT IMMEDIATELY:
  • Talking About Death: Statements about wanting to die, feeling hopeless, being a burden to others
  • Seeking Means: Researching suicide methods, acquiring weapons, stockpiling medications
  • Saying Goodbye: Giving away possessions, saying goodbye to teammates, finalizing affairs
  • Withdrawal: Suddenly isolating completely from team and support systems
  • Mood Changes: Sudden calm or happiness after period of depression (may indicate decision made)
  • Reckless Behavior: Dramatic increase in risk-taking, substance abuse, or dangerous activities
  • No Future Talk: Inability to imagine or plan for future, statements that things won't matter soon
  • Previous Attempts: History of suicide attempts significantly increases risk
IF YOU OBSERVE THESE SIGNS:

1. DO NOT LEAVE PERSON ALONE

2. CALL 988 (Suicide & Crisis Lifeline) IMMEDIATELY

3. NOTIFY COACHES, ATHLETIC TRAINER, OR CAMPUS SECURITY

4. REMOVE ACCESS TO MEANS (weapons, medications) IF SAFELY POSSIBLE

5. STAY CALM, LISTEN WITHOUT JUDGMENT, EXPRESS CARE

🏃 ALGEE Protocol Application

Learn the five-step mental health first aid approach:

A

Assess for Risk of Suicide or Harm

What to do: If you're concerned about someone, directly ask: "Are you thinking about suicide?" or "Are you thinking about hurting yourself?" This does NOT increase risk—it shows you care and creates opening for help.

Risk Assessment: Look for warning signs listed above. If ANY suicide risk indicators present, treat as emergency and get immediate professional help. Do not leave person alone.

L

Listen Nonjudgmentally

What to do: Give your full attention. Listen to understand, not to respond or fix. Avoid interrupting, judging, or dismissing their feelings. Use phrases like "I hear you," "That sounds really hard," "Thank you for telling me."

What to avoid: Don't minimize ("Others have it worse"), don't problem-solve immediately, don't share your own story to compare, don't judge their emotions or coping methods.

G

Give Reassurance and Information

What to do: Reassure that mental health struggles are common and treatable. Provide accurate information about available resources. Express confidence in their ability to get through this with appropriate support.

Examples: "What you're experiencing is more common than you might think," "Professional help really works for most people," "You don't have to go through this alone."

E

Encourage Appropriate Professional Help

What to do: Encourage them to connect with campus counseling, team physician, athletic trainer, or community mental health services. Offer to help make appointments or accompany them to first visit if helpful.

Resources: Campus counseling centers, athletic department mental health professionals, community therapists, crisis hotlines, primary care physicians, team chaplains or trusted coaches.

E

Encourage Self-Help and Other Support Strategies

What to do: Suggest self-care activities (sleep, exercise, healthy eating), social connection with supportive teammates, stress management techniques they already know work for them, and maintaining routine as much as possible.

Balance: Self-help supplements but doesn't replace professional treatment. For serious concerns, professional help is essential—self-care alone isn't sufficient.

🎯 Mental Health First Aid Scenarios

Practice responding appropriately to realistic mental health situations:

Scenario 1: Declining Performance

Situation: A talented teammate's performance has declined significantly over the past month. They're arriving late to practice, missing team events, and seem withdrawn. When you ask if they're okay, they say "I'm fine, just tired."

Scenario 2: Eating Concerns

Situation: You notice a teammate has lost significant weight, always makes excuses to avoid team meals, and you've heard them vomiting in the bathroom after eating. When others comment on their weight loss, they become defensive and say they're "just eating healthier."

Scenario 3: CRISIS - Suicide Risk

Situation: A teammate texts you late at night: "I can't do this anymore. Everyone would be better off without me. I'm sorry for everything." When you call, they sound calm and say they've "figured out a way to end the pain."

Correct Response:

  1. Stay on phone/keep them engaged—do NOT hang up
  2. Call 988 on another phone or have someone else call while you stay connected
  3. If you know their location, send someone to physically be with them or call campus security/local police
  4. Notify coaches, athletic trainer, or campus counseling immediately
  5. Do NOT leave them alone until professional help arrives
  6. Listen calmly, express care, avoid arguing about whether they should feel this way

Scenario 4: Substance Concerns

Situation: A teammate shows up to practice appearing intoxicated. This isn't the first time—you've noticed increasing alcohol use, missed classes, and they've been defensive when anyone asks about their drinking.

📚 Mental Health Resource Database

🚨 Crisis Resources (24/7 Immediate Help)

  • 988 Suicide & Crisis Lifeline: Call or text 988 | Available 24/7 for anyone in crisis
  • Crisis Text Line: Text HOME to 741741 | 24/7 text support for any crisis
  • SAMHSA Helpline: 1-800-662-4357 | Substance abuse and mental health services referrals
  • NEDA Hotline: 1-800-931-2237 | Eating disorder support and resources
  • Trevor Project: 1-866-488-7386 | Crisis support for LGBTQ+ youth
  • Veterans Crisis Line: 1-800-273-8255, press 1 | For veterans and service members

🏃 Athletic-Specific Resources

  • Campus Counseling Center: Most universities offer free mental health services to students
  • Team Physician/Athletic Trainer: Medical professionals familiar with athlete mental health
  • Sports Psychologist: Specialists in athletic performance and mental health
  • Athletic Department Administrators: May have mental health protocols and resources
  • NCAA Sport Science Institute: Mental health resources for college athletes
  • Headspace for Athletes: Mindfulness and mental training app with athlete-specific content

💚 Non-Emergency Mental Health Support

  • Campus Health Services: Primary care physicians can provide mental health referrals
  • Community Mental Health Centers: Sliding-scale fee services in most areas
  • Psychology Today Therapist Finder: psychologytoday.com/us/therapists
  • BetterHelp/Talkspace: Online therapy platforms (some insurance coverage)
  • NAMI (National Alliance on Mental Illness): Support groups and education | nami.org
  • Mental Health America: Screening tools and resources | mhanational.org

📈 Track Your Mental Health First Aid Skills

Assess your development in life-saving crisis intervention knowledge:

🧠 Warning Sign Recognition

5
5
5
5

💚 ALGEE Protocol Skills

5
5
5

🤔 Mental Health First Aid Reflection

🧠 First Aid Insights

🎯 First Aid Action Planning